CAFCASS Explained — What to Expect in Family Court

What is this?

CAFCASS is the independent organisation that advises the family court on what arrangements are safest and best for children involved in private law cases (such as disputes about where a child should live or how much time they should spend with each parent).

What happens in practice?

1. Referral – When a court case about children is started, the judge usually asks CAFCASS to become involved.

2. Safeguarding letter – A CAFCASS officer first checks with police, children’s services and other agencies to see if there are any known safety concerns. They write a short “safeguarding letter” summarising what they found and send it to the court and the parties.

3. Initial involvement – The officer may speak with you (and the other parent) to understand the issues and see if you can agree on arrangements without needing a full report.

4. Section 7 report – If the court decides it needs more detailed information to make a decision about the child’s welfare, CAFCASS prepares a Section 7 report. This involves:

- Interviewing you, the other parent, and sometimes the child (depending on age and maturity).

- Talking to relevant professionals (teachers, GPs, social workers) if needed.

- Observing the child’s interactions with each parent, if appropriate.

- Writing a report that sets out the child’s wishes and feelings, an assessment of risk, and recommendations for living arrangements, contact, and any support needed.

5. Court hearing – The judge reads the safeguarding letter and/or Section 7 report, considers it alongside other evidence, and then makes a decision.

What do I need to do?

• Respond promptly – If CAFCASS contacts you, reply as soon as you can. Delay can slow the process.
• Be open and honest – Share your concerns, the child’s routine, and any safety worries you have. The officer’s job is to understand the situation, not to take sides.
• Prepare for interviews – Think about what you want to say regarding the child’s needs, your relationship with the child, and any practical issues (school, health, work). You can bring notes, but remember the officer will ask follow‑up questions.
• Keep copies – Ask for a copy of any letter or report CAFCASS sends to the court (you are entitled to see it).
• Use the information – The safeguarding letter tells you if any agencies have raised concerns; the Section 7 report gives you the officer’s recommendations, which can help you focus your arguments or consider mediation.
• Stay child‑focused – The court’s priority is the child’s welfare; showing that you are putting the child’s needs first will be viewed positively.
• Seek support – If you feel overwhelmed, talk to a friend, family member, or a support organisation (see below).

Where can I find more help?

• GOV.UK – CAFCASS: https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/children-and-family-court-advisory-and-support-service
• Citizens Advice – Family law: https://www.citizensadvice.org.uk/family/
• Rights of Women – Family law advice line: https://rightsofwomen.org.uk/get-advice/family-law-advice-line/
• Gingerbread – Support for single parents: https://www.gingerbread.org.uk/
• Family Law Bar Association – Guidance for litigants in person: https://www.flba.org.uk/
• Local legal aid clinics – Check with your council or Law Centres Network for free or low‑cost help.

Remember: this is general guidance only. For advice specific to your situation, speak to a solicitor, legal aid provider, or your local Citizens Advice.